论当代公共政策的价值目标——取向、界说与评价途径

公共政策价值目标经历了效率至上的传统公共行政决策时期、公平为主的新公共行政决策时期和市场导向的新公共管理政策时期.上述各时期的公共政策价值目标囿于特定的时空条件,均未能科学地反映并解释公共政策的理论与实践,因此,对当代公共政策价值目标的考察任务,就是要透过复杂的政策现象,超越具体的决策过程,于其中提炼旨在主导一切政策与决策的基本理念.基于公共政策的本质和特征,基于社会发展的态势与规律,当代公共政策的价值目标取向,只能是社会属性与利益属性交融统合的公共利益.公共利益的实现有赖于当代公共政策制定与运行机制的变革.公共利益的评价及其标准则无疑是当代公共政策价值目标的现实回应.

Study on the value objective of public policy--from the tropism, definition and evaluation perspectives

The value objective of public policy has experienced the following phases: the paramountcy of efficiency in the period of traditional public administration decision,the paramountcy of fairness in the period of new public administration decision and market-oriented in the period of new public administration policy.The value objectives of public policy in the above periods can't scientifically reflect the theory and practice of public policy because of the limitation of time and space.Therefore,it is necessary to penetrate complicated policy phenomena and surpass idiographic policy process and abstract a value objective which will dominate all public policies.Based on the essences and characters of public policy and the situation of social development,the value objective of public policy in the contemporary era is only public interests which are combined with social and public attribute.The realization of public interest depends on transforming the mechanism of public policy making and functioning.Undoubtedly,the evaluation and criteria of public interest are the response of the value objective of public policy to the praxis.