清代词学批评中的稼轩论

清人对稼轩词的评价与接受随词派理论的消长而变化,这些变化既彰显出辛词的丰富内涵,又折射出清代词学思想的某些新变。清人一方面将稼轩词推至"一时无两"的高度,同时又视其为词中变调之代表,这种看似矛盾的评价背后实则蕴含着清人"第当分正变,不当分优劣"的新的正变思想。周济的"退苏进辛论"不仅将同类词人的比较研究推至一个新的理论高度,而且显示出常州词派重性情、重门径、重统绪的词学思想。而陈廷焯由辛胜于苏到苏胜于辛的转变,反映出的正是自身词学思想在由对外部形式之美的取重转向对内部性情之善的追求。

On Xin Qiji in the Eyes of Ci Critics in Qing Dynasty

With the change of the theories as regards Ci Groups,the evaluation of critics in Qing Dynasty on the lyrics of Jiaxuan witnessed some changes,which not only give prominence to the rich content of those lyrics but also reflect part of the changes in poetics in Qing Dynasty.A case in point is that the critics on one hand highly evaluated the lyrics as beyond compare and,on another hand,looked upon them as representing those lyrics deviated from the mainstream.This seemingly contradictory view actually implicates the critics' new poetics that we should distinguish between convention and invention while we shouldn't label the lyrics of different styles as good or bad.