《史记》自杀模式描写及原因探析

《史记》记载的自杀行为和自杀事件引人注目，《史记》所记自杀模式有失败型、逼迫型、自责型、恐惧型、维护型、报恩型、守节尽忠孝型、免辱型等。本文对自杀原因进行了分析，对这一社会历史现象进行了探讨。史记》所记载的自杀行为，表明了当时社会背景与自杀现象有着明显的联系，特殊地呈现了古代社会文化群体的心理，从中我们可以认识中国社会的某些本质性的东西。

The Description of Suicide Patterns in Historical Records ( Shi Ji) and Its Reason

The suicide behaviors and events described in Historical Records(Shi Ji) have been conspicuous.Its suicide patterns include that of failure,of compelling,of self-accusation,of dread,of protection,of repaying obligations,of devotion to duty,and of escaping humiliation etc.This article analyses the reasons for these suicides and discusses this historical phenomenon.The suicides in Historical Records(Shi Ji) embodies an obvious relationship between the social background and the suicides,specifically the ancient people's social cultural psychology,from which we can know certain essentials of Chinese society.