妇女权益保护法律制度比较研究

妇女权益保障立法和司法实践在世界范围内取得了极大进步。包括美国、英国和日本等在内的几个国家在妇女权益保护立法和实践方面都十分先进。美国历经了两次声势浩大的妇女运动,男女平等、反对歧视、加强对妇女保护的理念已经深入人心。在这些方面英国和日本也不逊色。这些对我国都是严峻挑战:我国尽管在《宪法》中规定了妇女在政治、经济、文化、社会和家庭等方面享有与男子平等的权利,但很多仍是宣示性口号,没有真正地贯彻落实。所以,在完善我国的妇女权益保护立法时,除了参考一些国际公约的规定外,非常重要的一点就是要注意其他国家的法律改革,扬长避短,为我所用。主要包括加强立法,完善程序、强化反歧视和实现宪法司法化。

A Comparative Study of the Legislation of Protecting Women's Rights and Interests

Great strides have been made in the legislation and judicial practice regarding the protection of women's rights and interests.A couple of countries,including the US,the UK and Japan,have done very well in the legislation and law-enforcement in relation to the protection of women's rights and interests.The US underwent massive women campaign twice.Concepts such as equality between men and women,opposition to discrimination and strengthen the protection of women have deeply rooted in the minds of Americans.The UK and Japan also hold dear these values.In the context of China,however,grave challenges exist.Though women constitutionally enjoyed the same rights with men in politics,economy,culture,society and family,there is still a long way to translate those stipulations into reality.Therefore,when efforts are made to improve the legislation regarding the protection of women's rights and interests,attention should be given,not only to relevant international conventions,but also to the legal reform of other countries,with a view to draw on their strengths to China's advantage.Efforts especially should be made in strengthening legislation,improving proceedings,fighting against discrimination and actualizing judica lization of the constitution constitution.