老龄化社会的代际连带与社会保障——兼论日本的老龄化对策

代际连带,在本质上是不同世代人群间的利益平衡关系.传统型代际连带的特点在于在"同时态"上表现为年轻人群对老年人群、在职者群体对退休者群体的单向扶助,通过世代交替在"历时态"中达到代际利益平衡.人口老龄化动摇了传统型代际连带的物质基础和社会心理基础,使社会保障制度陷于困境.在老龄化社会,建立一种对各年龄层人群都公平的社会保障制度,使代际利益平衡在"同时态"也能得到体现,这是重建代际连带的关键,也是保证社会保障制度的稳定性和持久性的前提.

Intergenerational Solidarity and Social Security in the Aging Society--Reflections on the Japanese Aging of Population

Intergenerational solidarity is the relationship of benefit balancing among different generations. During a certain period, the way support, which means the young group supports the aged group,the working group supports the retirees, represents the basic character of the traditional intergenerational solidarity.The benefit get balanced through the generation transition during different periods. Aging population has shacked the material and psychological foundation of the traditional intergenerational solidarity, which brings the social security system into a dilemma. To balance the intergenerational benefit in an aging society is the key to rebuild the intergenerational solidarity, and the premise of assuring a stable, long-term social security system.