约翰·洛克《政府论》的逻辑基础评析

客观地评价一个人的行为及其作品,应当综合考虑他所处的那个特定的时代背景。约翰·洛克的思想担负了为第一次具有世界性意义的英国资产阶级革命鸣锣开道的历史使命,其一系列政治主张直接影响了美国、法国等一些国家的政治制度变革,推动了世界法治进程的加速。然而,以现代人的眼光去评判,洛克的许多政治主张和思想并不具有科学性和客观性,而且在逻辑基础和论证方式上存在着很大的局限性和不足,这就使得《政府论》的政治主张和思想处在一种不稳定和无法证实的基础之上。《政府论》的政治思想、观点和主张只具有重大的时代意义,并不是仍能适用于现代的普世真理。

Comment and Analysis on the Logic Basis of Two Treatises of Government by John Locke

To objectively evaluate one’s behaviors and works, the time background in which one lives should be taken into consideration. John Locke’s thoughts undertook the historical mission of paving the way for the English bourgeois revolution in a worldwide. A series of his political opinions directly influenced the political reforms in several countries such as the US and France and accelerated the process of rules of law all over the world. However, from the modern perspective, many of his political opinions and thoughts are not scientific and objective, and there are significant limitations and shortcomings in terms of logic basis and way of argumentation. Therefore, the political opinions and thoughts of the Two Treatises of Government were proposed based on instability and lack of verification. The political thoughts, views and opinions are only of great significance under the specific time background, and they are not the universal truths that apply to the modern society.