Parent training to reduce problem behaviors over the transition to high school: Tests of indirect effects through improved emotion regulation skills |
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| Institution: | 1. Boys Town National Research Institute for Child and Family Studies, 14100 Crawford Street, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA;2. Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, 204 Barkley Memorial Center, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;3. Social Development Research Group, 9725 3rd Ave NE, Suite 401, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98115, USA;4. Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies, 135 Mabel Lee Hall, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA;5. Department of Psychology, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA;1. National Musashinogakuin, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan;2. Tokyo University of Social Welfare, Japan;1. Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, NY, USA;2. Ramapo for Children, New York, NY, USA;3. Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA;1. The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, 141 Moore Bldg, University Park, PA 16802-3106, USA;2. The Pennsylvania State University, Prevention Research Center for the Promotion of Human Development, 310E Biobehavioral Health Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA |
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| Abstract: | Adolescent problem behaviors are costly for individuals and society. Promoting the self-regulatory functioning of youth may help prevent the development of such behaviors. Parent-training and family intervention programs have been shown to improve child and adolescent self-regulation. This study helps fill gaps in knowledge by testing for indirect effects of the Common Sense Parenting® (CSP) program on reduced substance use, conduct problems, and school suspensions through previously identified short-term improvements in parents' reports of their children's emotion regulation skills. Over two cohorts, 321 low income families of 8th graders were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the standard CSP program, an adapted CSP Plus program, or a minimal-contact control condition. Pretest, posttest, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up survey assessments were completed by parents and students with 94% retention. Intent-to-treat multivariate path analyses were conducted. Neither intervention had statistically significant total effects on the three targeted adolescent outcomes. CSP, but not CSP Plus, had statistically significant indirect effects on reduced substance use and school suspensions at the 1-year follow-up as well as conduct problems and school suspensions at the 2-year follow-up through increased child emotion regulation skills at posttest. Findings provide some support for emotion regulation as one pathway through which the intervention was associated, indirectly, with reduced substance use, conduct problems, and school suspensions among at-risk students over the high school transition. |
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