明代徽商的文学创作

明清时期徽商的文学创作活动无疑是历史本原的组成部分,具有或高或低的审美价值。＂徽商＂或者＂徽州商帮＂的兴起乃在成化、弘治年间,徽商文学创作也开始于这个时间以后。鲍弼当是较早见于记载的有诗歌创作的徽商,其诗在一定程度上表现了漂泊异处他乡的商人思念亲人和家乡的情感。郑作在宋梁一带经商的时间大约在弘治、正德年间,既是较早外出经营的徽商,也是较早与文学发生关联的徽商。嘉靖、万历时期,徽商的创作势头不减,在徽商聚集的扬州和杭州等地,徽商成为文坛上的活跃人物。徽商走出去以后,他们的文化姿态立即表现得令人侧目,由此也决定了明代徽商之于文学关系的特点：一是喜爱文学并积极创作的徽商人数众多;二是徽商刚刚崛起之时,就与文人士大夫有了密切的交往,在文学创作以及文学观方面都深受他们的影响;三是在地域上分布较广;四是与徽商发展轨迹同步,但是到了晚明时期,随着文人士大夫对商人了解、理解程度的加深,特别是徽商获得巨额财富以后,儒、商之间才建立起平等的关系,才有了两者的＂契合＂。

Literary Creation of Hui Merchants in Ming Dynasty

Hui Merchants＇ activity of literary creation during Ming and Qing Dynasties is undoubtedly a part of historical origin,with high or low aesthetic value. Hui Merchants or Huizhou merchants spring up during the reign of Chenghua and Hongzhi,and after that time,Hui Merchants start to create literary. Bao Bidang is recorded more early as a Hui Merchant with poetry creation. To some extent,his poetry shows merchants＇ feeling of missing relatives and hometown when drifting in different places. During the reign of Jiajing and Wanli,Hui Merchants keep creating and become active figures in literary world in Yangzhou,Hangzhou etc. gathered with Hui Merchants. After Hui Merchants going out,their cultural attitude shows impressively which determines the characteristics of relationship between Hui Merchants in Ming Dynasty and literary. First,the number of Hui Merchants loving literary and creating actively is large. Second,Hui Merchants has s close relationship with scholar-bureaucrats on their rise time so that their literary creation and literary view are influenced heavily by scholar-bureaucrats. Third,they are widely distributed in many places. Last,the development tracks of Hui Merchants＇ literary creation and Hui Merchants are synchronous. But in the late Ming Dynasty,with the scholar-bureaucrats＇ understanding about merchants improving,especially after Hui Merchants acquiring great wealth,equal relationship is established between Confucians and merchants,and there is also consilience of both sides.