法治视野下打击恐怖犯罪的立法原则探索——以反恐法草案为例展开分析

法治是构建社会主义法制的目标,打击恐怖犯罪的立法活动理应纳入法治框架之内进行探讨;法治是权衡自由与秩序、权利与权力之间关系的艺术,打击恐怖犯罪的立法活动需要权衡好自由与秩序、权利与权力之间的关系.维持自由与秩序“各占一半”的均衡式法治思维忽视了打击恐怖犯罪的阶段性特征,故不可取.而权衡式法治思维照应到反恐的阶段性特征,值得倡导.打击恐怖犯罪的立法原则有遵循宪法原则、秩序维持原则、权利保障原则和科学性原则.《中华人民共和国反恐怖主义法(草案)》整体显现出“厉性有余、柔性不足”的特点,其依赖权力强行维持秩序的极端观念与法治理念相悖,亟需运用权衡式法治思维予以矫正.

Legislative principles to combat terrorist crimes under the rule of law: In an example to analyze the draft of Anti-terrorism Law

The rule of law should be the goal of building a socialist legal system.Legislative efforts to combat terrorist crimes ought to be included within the framework of the rule of law.The rule of law is the art trade-off between freedom and order, rights and power.Legislative efforts to combat terrorist crimes need to have a good balance between freedom and order, right and power.It is not desirable to think that there is a "half and half" balance between freedom and order.Since the weigh-style cogitation taking into account characteristics of counter-terrorism, it is advocated.Legislative principles to combat terrorist crimes include:the principle of supremacy of the Constitution, the principle of maintaining order, the principle of protecting rights, and the scientific principle.The whole "People''s Republic of China Anti-terrorism Act (draft)" shows the feature of "enough severity but insufficient flexibility".The concept of relying on power to protect order is contrary to the rule of law, so the weigh-style cogitation should be applied to correct it.