德育共同体：中国特色社会主义大学的新认知

中国特色社会主义大学不仅具有学术共同体和学习共同体的固有属性，更是将立德树人作为高等教育的根本任务和人才培养的中心环节，这是由中国特色社会主义大学的本质属性所决定的。中国特色社会主义大学作为德育共同体，立足于共同善的伦理诉求，倡导价值目标的一致性，通过价值选择、价值认同和价值信仰达成价值共识，旗帜鲜明地提出要培育和践行社会主义核心价值观；不仅强调教师和学生双主体的道德责任，更强调大学内部多元主体的道德责任和自我建构以及多元主体在不同场域的道德责任；还将集体协同作为内在逻辑，通过共同体内部不同个体和群体的集体协同实践，实现个体与共同体、共同体与社会的共生共赢和协同发展，突出全员、全过程、全方位育人的重要性。

Moral Education Community: A New Perspective on Socialist Universities with Chinese Characteristics

Universities are traditionally perceived as academic communities or learning communities. Socialist universities with Chinese characteristics, however, not only possess the defining features of academic communities or learning communities, but also stress the importance of fostering virtues through education, with an explicit goal that core socialist values should run through the whole process of talent cultivation. They can thus be reckoned as moral education communities. This cognition not only goes beyond the notion that universities simply serve as academic communities or learning communities, but it also reflects the essence of socialist universities with Chinese characteristics and is an essential step towards ″fostering virtues through education″ in a comprehensive manner. The common good is an ethical necessity for a moral education community and an inevitable choice for socialist universities with Chinese characteristics. While Western universities advocate the pursuit of neutral values and individual goods, socialist universities with Chinese characteristics, as moral education communities, place much emphasis on value-goal congruence and regard socialist core values as a value-goal. Towards this end, on the one hand, equal dialogues and cooperation are required among value subjects within the moral education community so as to reach a consensus on the value of common goods; on the other hand, ideological education and publicity campaigns on ideology and culture should be carried out in a top-down manner so that every individual in the moral education community can reach a consensus on common goods through value choices, value identifications and value beliefs. Moral responsibility is an essential prerequisite for a moral education community. It stresses the moral responsibility and self-construction of teachers and students and multiple subjects in a university. In the moral education community, faculties, staff, workers，students and the moral education community itself should take on the responsibilities or ″ cultivating talents by imparting knowledge″, ″cultivating talents through administration″, ″cultivating students by offering services″, ″self-education″, and ″building public morality in society″ respectively. Multiple subjects in the moral education community should also assume moral responsibilities in different fields. The classroom, as a crucial field of the moral education community, is not only the best teaching field for ″moral education″ but also the most effective space for ″moral education″; the living environment, as an important field of the community, can make up for the inadequacy of morality as knowledge in traditional classrooms and the drawbacks of professional knowledge education; and the Internet, as a community of relations, is a new essential field to publicize socialist core values and enhance college students' confidence and identity with the mainstream ideology of contemporary China. Collective collaboration is an internal logic of a moral education community. Socialist Universities with Chinese characteristics are regarded not only as collaborative and sharing learning communities with common goals but also as practice communities generated by collective cooperation. This kind of collective collaboration is a learning-based process of mutual growth and development for both teachers and students with three core elements: a common goal and vision, a common community and common practice. To achieve collective collaboration in the moral education community, teachers, students, administrators and staff members should make concerted efforts to yield a win-win situation and synergistic development among individual communities and the society by holding onto goals, clarifying responsibilities, optimizing and completing related mechanisms and setting rules.