俄罗斯民族信仰的特点与托尔斯泰的宗教观

十九世纪末期 ,托尔斯泰成为俄罗斯社会的精神领袖 ,他的思想体现了俄罗斯民族文化的特质。在忏悔中完善自我 ,托尔斯泰认为 ,只有不断反省、忏悔 ,人才能克制自身的动物性 ;躁动不安的俄罗斯魂不在意物质财富 ,渴望灵魂的归宿 ;痛恨强制与压制 ,托尔斯泰的无政府主义最终走向严格的自我管理、自我压制。托尔斯泰主义的实质与意义 ,就是要在传统价值分崩离析的世纪交替时期 ,建立起人与人之间的道德秩序 ,在人与动物之间 ,立起“人的骄傲”。

The Characteristics of Russian National Beliefs and the Religious Views of Tolstoy

At the end of the 19th century, Tolstoy became the spiritual leader of the Russian society. His thoughts embodied the qualities of Russian culture. He held that man could suppress his beastly nature through constant self-examinations and confessions. The restless soul of Russia was eager for its final home instead of material wealth. He detested imposition and suppression and his anarchism ended up being strict self-management and self-suppression. The essence and significance of Tolstoyism was to establish moral order among people and "the pride of man" between the man and the beast at the turn of the century when traditional values broke up.