环境与文化互动关系的文化生态学反思——以怒江峡谷为例

以往运用文化生态学理论阐释环境与文化互动关系问题时,主要建立在环境与文化均能自由地遵循客观规律而相互制约和限制的假设基础上,但是由于社会不断发育、权力不断集中,生发出很多影响环境与文化互动关系应遵循客观规律而发展变化的因素,如1950年前后怒江峡谷环境和生计经济方式的变化等。考虑这些新出现的制约和影响因素,方能对环境与文化、人类生存模式与自然生态环境互动关系形成更加准确的理解。

On the Interaction between Environment and Culture from the Perspective of Ecology——A Case Study of Nujiang Canyon

The past study of the interaction between environment and culture from the perspective of cultural ecology relied mainly on the hypothesis that environment and culture could freely follow the objective law while restricting each other.With the development of the society and the further centralization of power,there have emerged more factors interfering this interaction.A thorough study of these factors will help us have a better understanding of the interaction between environment and culture as well as between the model of human existence and the natural eco-environment.