论姚鼐与四库馆内汉宋之争

四库馆的开启（1773）为姚鼐与汉学派之间冲突的爆发提供了契机。如何对待以程朱理学为核心的宋学，是姚鼐与戴震等汉学家分歧的焦点所在。汉学诸家尊汉抑宋、弃宋，甚至反宋、意欲代宋，姚鼐则始终将宋学凌驾于汉学之上。在四库馆内，汉学派占绝对优势，并深得庙堂之助；傲岸的姚鼐不顾力小而孤，奋起抗争。由于那时学、政两界边线不明，姚鼐逆流而动，不仪被挤向学坛边缘，在仕途上也再无发展余地。因此，他最终被迫选择了退居林下之路。姚鼐裹进汉宋之争及其告退，是其学术生涯中最为重大的事件，对此后清代的古文史和学术史影响至巨.

Yao Nai and the Han-Song Debate in the Compilation Office of Si Ku Quan Shu

The establishment of the compilation office of Si Ku Quan Shu in 1773 spurred the breakout of the conflict between Yao Nai and Han Learning school. The key divergence between Yao and Hans' scholars led by Dai Zhen is how to deal with Song Learning. Han Learning scholars respected Han Learning and look down on Song Learning. But Yao Nai kept the primacy of Song Learning over Han Learning. Han Learning scholars defeated Yao in the compilation office of Si Ku Quan Shu. At last, Yao had to resign. It was the most significant event during Yao's academic career, and deeply influenced Ancient-Style prose and learning in the Qing Dynasty.