农民工和城镇工劳动报酬差异的变动

基于1993—2009年中国健康与营养调查面板数据,建立了农民工和城镇工劳动报酬方程的固定效应模型,并对农民工和城镇工的劳动报酬差异变动进行了分解分析。研究结果表明,在1993—2009年期间,虽然针对农民工劳动报酬的户籍歧视不断得以缓解,但农民工和城镇工的受教育水平差异却不断扩大,且城镇劳动力市场中的教育回报率不断上升,导致农民工和城镇工的劳动报酬差异不断扩大。因此,政府设计和实施公平的就业制度和收入分配制度,设计和实施能够大幅提升农村居民人力资本水平的教育制度和培训政策,将有助于抑制农民工和城镇工劳动报酬差异的持续扩大。

Change in Labor Remuneration Difference between Migrant Workers and Urban Workers

Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1993 to 2009 ,we establish a fixed-effect model of labor remuneration and decompose the changes in labor remuneration difference between migrant workers and urban workers .The results show ：during the period from 1993 to 2009 , although the household register discrimination has shown a decline trend ,both the education level between migrant workers and urban workers and the education return rate in the urban labor market have been raising ,which lead to a widening trend of labor remuneration difference between migrant workers and urban workers .Therefore ,the government should develop and implement fair employment system and income distribution system ,and also the education system and training policies which can improve the human resource level of rural residents ,this will help narrow the labor remuneration difference between migrant workers and urban workers .