我国农村人力资本投资收益非均衡性分析——兼与城市的比较

人力资本是经过投资而形成的,教育投资是人力资本投资的主要形式。教育投资与其它物质资本投资一样是为了获得预期的收益,然而我国农村教育投资却悖于这一原理。本文分析了在我国国家财政投资总量分配失衡及教育资源城乡分配失衡的情况下,农村教育培养出来的人力资本通过升学和劳动力转移等非农化形式大量流向城市或发达地区,由于人力资本具有依附性,农村教育投资也随着农村人力资本流失而流失,形成了农村教育投资收益“错位效应”,并且在投资乘数的作用下,这种效应会进一步拉大城乡之间、地区之间的经济差距,尤其是城乡长期的收入差距,从而强化了二元经济结构,影响农村经济的发展。针对这一状况,本文提出了相应的对策建议。

Analysis of the Unbalance of Investment and Income in Rural Human Capital——Comparing with City

The thesis analyzes a large amount of human capital educated in rural areas flowing into the city or the developed area through entering a campus or transfer of the labor under the unbalanced circumstances of total expenditure and education resources allotting on rural-urban,which causes the serious losses of rural human capital.For human capital attached to human,the rural education investment is also flowing away with the losses of rural human capital,which results in the misplaced effect of rural human capital investment income.And by the effect of the investment multiplier it will widen the gap between the rural economy and urban economy,especially long-existing income gap,which strengthen the dual economic structure and affect the development of the rural economy.In order to change the conditions,the authors put forwards the countermeasures.