论“五四”时期的文言一致

终结文言分离,逼近文言一致,可谓“五四”时期“语言文字革命”的一大目标。由于书写的求简(“不愿”)和条件的限制(“不能”),自古以来,中国文言分离的局面都不曾得到改观。直到1920年官方对“国语”的正式确认,才标志着中国从文言严重分离向着文言基本一致的重大转变;这一转变成绩虽然卓然可见,但文言一致的目标却并没完全达到,其中的症结是表形的文字与繁多的方言不能一一匹配所致;为了探索着解决这一问题,尽可能达到文言的一致,鲁迅和胡适的思考是不同的。

On Speech-Spelling Union of Chinese during May 4th Movement

An important motive of the "language revolution" during the May 4th Movement of 1919 is to bridge the gap between oral and written forms of the Chinese language.The gap has been unbridgeable since ancient times,owing to people's preference to simplicity in spelling and objective limitations of printing technology.The situation was changed in 1920,when the government declared the official status of the vernacular speech.This marks an important step of the language from speech-spelling separation to union.Fruitful as the revolution was,the ultimate goal of uniting the two forms was not completely achieved,as Chinese characters failed to match so many different dialects of the country.To solve the problem,Lu Xun and Hu Shi,the two representative figures of the then elite intellectuals,tried different ways in their respective construction of the spelling system of the language.Finally,this paper makes a reflection on the discarding of traditional Chinese language.