柯尔伯格道德发展理论的哲学困境及反思

在德育研究中有着"划时代转变"美誉的柯尔伯格道德理论,是一个开放和不断完善的理论体系。通过运用视域转化的方法对柯尔伯格理论的实证主义内核进行剖析,揭示了柯尔伯格道德发展理论的哲学困境——其道德发展理论必然走向实证主义的反面即神学阶段。在此基础上,审视和反思了柯尔伯格的道德发展理论,认为必须在道德发展观、道德教育观、道德教育主体观、德育方法论和德育中介论等五个方面加以重点研究和考量,才能为道德发展理论的研究路径确定新的方向和思路。

The Philosophical Dilemma and Rethink of Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development Mode

The Kohlberg’s cognitive moral development mode is regarded as "the turning point of the times" in the researches of moral education,and it is an open and continuously improved theoretical system.By the means of perspective transformation,this article analyzes the core of positivism of Kohlberg’s Cognitive Moral Development Mode,and exchanges between theoretical level and metaphysics,so as to deeply analyze the philosophical dilemma of the Kohlberg’s cognitive moral development mode——its moral development mode would necessarily lead to the opposite of positivism which is theology.And the article reviews and rethinks the Kohlberg’s cognitive moral development mode on the basis of above,which means to focus on moral development mode,moral education,the theory of main body in the moral education,moral education methodology,and theory of regarding moral education as the medium,finally to locate new direction and view for the moral development theory.