从政府选择到社会选择：民间组织发展的必由之路

改革开放以来,我国民间组织发展奉行的是政府选择模式。这种模式有利于借助政府的力量自上而下地培育民间组织,有利于实现传统民间组织的现代性转换,符合我国渐进式改革的内在逻辑。但随着我国社会环境的发展变化,这种模式在实践中存在的矛盾和问题也日益凸显：政府主体与民间主体之间相矛盾;政府主观预设与客观需求之间相脱节;政府自身不合理的价值偏好与民间组织健康发展的要求相背离;政府选择所形成的行政依附与民间组织的独立自主相违背。因此,在民间组织生成方式上逐步实现由政府选择向社会选择的路径转换是历史发展的必然要求;是增强民间组织自主性、促进民间组织健康发展的需要;是优化政府职能、完善社会主义市场经济体制的需要;是形成良性社会结构、化解社会风险的需要;是提高社会自主能力,实现权力回归社会的需要。

The Choice From Government to Society as the Only Road for the Development of the Civil Organizations in China

The choice of government for the development of the civil organizations in China is decided by China’s basic conditions.As it conforms with the reform logic of gradualism,it is propitious to foster the civil organizations from top to bottom.But the problems in the choice of government stand out more and more and the mode of the choice of government goes increasingly against the development of the civil organizations with the new developments and changes in and outside China.From the choice of government to the choice of society is a must for the development of the civil organizations in China.It is necessary to push the sound development of the civil organizations,to improve the socialist market economy,to optimize the structure of society,and to enhance the self-determination capability of the civil organizations.