论藏族的丧葬风俗

为什么全民信仰藏传佛教的藏民族,其丧葬的主要类型不是佛教所推崇的火葬而是天葬?为什么最高级的葬法是塔葬而不是最流行的天葬?为什么土葬的兴衰史与苯教的兴衰史相一致?文章从藏族的地理环境、宗教文化与民族史方面进行了论述,提出了藏民族葬俗双因素决定理论:地理环境与宗教交互作用决定了藏民族葬俗,地理环境在很大程度上抵消了宗教的决定性影响,特别是苯教所推崇的土葬和佛教所推崇的火葬的影响;而宗教又削弱了地理环境对葬俗的限制和束缚。

On the Burial Custom of the Zangs

The whole Tibetan believe Tibetan Buddhism. Why is the major burial form in Tibetan not the cremation Buddhism hold inesteem,but the celestial burial? Why is the supreme burial form not the most popular celestial burial,but the pagoda burial? Why is thehistory of rise and fall of the burial in ground consistent with that of the Bon religion? This article expounds from both the geographicalconditions and the religious culture aspects,and puts forwarda theory that the burial customs in Tibetan area are determined by twofactors.The interaction of the geographical conditions and the religions decides the Tibetan burial customs.0n the one hand,thegeographical conditions offset the decisive influence of religions to a great extent,especially the influence of burial in the ground praisedhighly by Bon religion and the influence Of cremation held in esteem by Buddhism.0n the other hand,the religions also cripple therestriction and constraint of the geographical conditions.