费孝通第一次学术思想的转变：从功能主义到结构功能主义

对功能主义的叙述习惯性不对其内部做严格区分,学界对费孝通功能主义来源和变化的认识始终模糊。一般笼统认为费孝通是在师从马林诺斯基之后才成为一个功能主义者,并且始终追随。文章将费孝通对功能主义的理论、方法的吸收和运用分成几个阶段：留英之前费孝通功能主义的萌芽时期;留英期间是受马林诺斯基功能主义影响最大时期;文章重点落在费孝通回国后,由马林诺斯基功能主义朝布朗的结构功能主义转变,并且深层次从五点分析了转变的原因。该转变的理论结晶是《生育制度》。由此,费孝通完成了对马林诺斯基功能主义的终结和对布朗结构功能主义的超越。

The First Change of Hsiao-Tung Fei's Academic Theory:From Functionalism to Structural Functionalism

Academic circles usually narrate functionalism without strictly classifying its internal structure,and they are ambiguous on the origin and change of Hsiao-tung Fei＇s functionalism. Meanwhile,it is generally accepted that Fei Xiao tong became a functionalism after he acknowledged Malinowski as his master and followed him all along. The paper classifies the different development stages of Hsiao-tung Fei＇s functionalism：the rudimentary stage of Hsiao-tung Fei＇s functionalism before he studied in Britain; influenced by Malinowski＇s functionalism greatly during his staying in Britain; he became a structural functionalism of Brown from functionalism of Malinowski after he returned home from abroad. The paper lays special emphasis on analyzing the last stage and concludes five causes bringing about the change which makes him accomplish The Institutions for Reproduction. Therefore,Fei Xiao tong completed the functionalism of Malinowski and transcended the structural functionalism of Brown.