从海德格尔的视界看近代哲学认识论的根本缺陷

自笛卡尔以降的近代哲学总是习惯于把主、客二分当作构建认识论理论的基石。由此,一方面引发了康德所谓的“哲学的耻辱”(即哲学“没能对‘外部世界的存在’提出一个令人信服的证明”);另一方面,由于主、客二分说不能把人视为“存在先于本质”的存在者,从而丧失了先于现象把握存在的可能性。正确的做法应是刚好颠倒过来,从更为本源的人的生存—存在论角度去解释人的认识。舍此,我们便不能对认识有真正切近的领悟。

Martin Heidegger's Outlook on the Fundamental Imperfection in Modern Philosophical Epistemology

The moderm philosophy since Rene Descartes has always tended to regarding the dichotomic doctrine of subject and object as the theoretical cornerstone of constructing epistemology. Therefore, on the one hard it has triggered Immanuel Kant's so-called "the shame of philosophy "(That is to say, philosophy rails to offer convincing testimony to interpret "theexistence of the external World" ) .On the other hand, since it does not look upon a human being as "a being prior to the essence", the possibility of grasping the beingness prior to the phenomenon is lost.The correct practice is to reverse the order: i.e.interpret human cognition from a more original perspective of human survival and existence. Failing to do so, We can not get a real understanding of the exactness of cognition.