心灵存在何以可能?——杜威-米德的心灵发生学探讨

杜威米德的心灵概念的产生,有着希腊哲学家的世界观的哲学背景和达尔文的进化论的科学背景。在笛卡儿的世界图画中,心灵和世界是两个独立的实体,心灵没有发生学的问题。而在杜威那里,心灵是从世界中演变出来的,由此心灵具有发生学的自然维度。在米德那里,心灵的问世和语言密不可分,心灵的本质是社会交往过程在个体中的内化,这种内化借助语言得以完成,并随着社会交往的变化,心灵也在不断变化。由此表明,心灵具有发生学的社会维度。

How is mind's existence possible?—on Dewey-Mead's inquiry into the genesis of mind

The emergence of Dewey-Mead's conception of mind can be refereed to two preconditions, namely, the worldview of Greek philosophy and Darwin's evolution theory. In Descartes' picture of the world, mind and the world are two independent substances; there is no question of genesis for mind. By contrast, according to Dewey, mind evolves out of the world, hence mind has a natural genetic dimension. And furthermore, according to Mead, the essence of mind is the internalization of social communication into the individual, which is realized with the assistance of language; mind changes as society changes; hence mind has a social genetic dimension. Dewey-Mead's conception of mind displays an original and inspiring perspective for understanding the concept of mind.