石油安全概念与石油安全战略

石油安全最早是一个军事概念,它的内涵和外延一直处于不断变化之中,国内外对它的界定有一定的差异。石油安全的本质是供求矛盾,合理的石油价格和稳定的石油供应是石油安全的核心问题。20世纪两次石油危机的冲击,石油对外依存度日益提高以及国际石油价格的大幅度波动,导致西方主要石油进口国纷纷实施石油安全战略。研究美日等国家石油安全战略实施的背景和措施,对于制定中国石油安全战略不无借鉴意义。

Safe Concept and Safe Strategy in Petroleum

Petroleum safety at the earliest stage is defined as a military concept, which intention and extention has been changing continuously,and been understood differently interiorly and overseas.The innate character of the petroleum safety is a contradiction between supply and demand.The reasonable petroleum price and the stable petroleum supply is the core of petroleum safe. It is the impacts of the two petroleum crisis in 20th centuries,increasing dependence on overseas market, and price fluctuation that cause the main western petroleum importing countries carry safe strategy into execution. To establish safe strategy in Chinese petroleum,it is necessary to study the background and measure of implementing safe strategy in USA and Japanese.