《玉台新咏》编者和编纂时间再探讨

关于<玉台新咏>的编者,章培恒先生认为是陈后主妃子张丽华"撰录"、徐陵作序.徐陵<玉台新咏序>记载此书收录"往世名篇,当今巧制",但唐人所见原本<玉台新咏>于陈代只收录徐陵一人诗作;如果为张丽华所撰录,理应编于陈后主至德以后,且收入陈代几次影响较大的文会诗作.所以,此书绝不可能为张丽华编纂,当是徐陵编于梁代.<玉台新咏>的编纂与宫体的发展壮大有密切关系.宫体得名之后在梁代的发展当以大同中期为界,此前为宫体与京城各种文风融合期,此后为宫体兴盛期.李康成<玉台后集>和刘肃<大唐新语>记载<玉台新咏>编纂时间在宫体兴盛期.今本题名刘肃著的<大唐新语>虽可能为明人伪作,但其中关于<玉台新咏>编纂时间的记载与李康成说法一致,应接近历史真实.从徐陵仕历来看,<玉台新咏>当编于梁代大同六年至大同十二年.

Continued Exploration into the Compiler and Compiling Time of Yutai Xinyong

Mr.Zhang Peiheng thinks that Yutai Xinyong is compiled by Zhang Lihua,the wife of Chen Houzhu,namely Chen Shubao the last emperor in Chen Dynasty,and that the prologue is written by Xu Ling.But this point of view is trustless.The prologue of Yutai Xinyong states that this book includes some poems not only written by contemporary but also by the precursors.On the other contrary,the edition of Yutai Xinyong now available was compiled in Tang Dynasty and does not contain any poems written by poets in Chen Dynasty except Xu Ling.If it was compiled by Zhang Lihua,it should include some poems composed in some important literature assembly in Chen Dynasty,and should be finished after Zhi De(AD.583-586).Therefore,the book could not be compiled by Zhang Lihua in Chen Dynasty ,but is very likely to be compiled by Xu Ling in Liang Dynasty.The compiling of Yutai Xinyong is closely related to the development of Gong Ti(style).After the third year of Zhong Da Tong,the development of Gong Ti can be divided into two periods.Before Da Tong(A.D 535-546) there should be the combining period of Gong Ti with other writing styles,and later the prevailing period of Gong Ti.The existent New Anecdotes of Social Talk by Liu Su in Tang Dynasty may be a forged work by somebody else in Ming Dynasty,but record about Yutai Xinyong in this book is identical with opinions of Li Kangcheng in Tang Dynasty,which is more believable and therefore nearer to the historical truth.Considering the changing of official position of Xu Ling,Yutai Xinyong must have been compiled between the 6th year and the 12th year of Datong(A.D.540-AD.546).