“系谱同类项”与“功能同类项”——比较文学研究中的一组理论对子

在比较文学研究中,我们不难发现,历史上在空间上并没有接触的两个文化之中依然存在着诸多惊人相似的“品种”,本文把这种相似性的文化“品种”,称为异文化之间的“系谱同类项”。同时,我们又发现,各民族文化的“系谱同类项”在各自的文化系统中所承担的功能不尽相同,有些本来不属“系谱同类项”的,却发挥着相同的功能,本文将之称为“功能同类项”。本文以中国、希腊两个民族的几个原始文化“品种”为例,对这两个新概念的合理性进行论证,认为它们可为比较文学研究提供了一组新的概念对子。

"Biological Counterpart Items" and "Functional Counterpart Items" : A Theoretical Couplet in Comparative Literature Studies

It is not difficult for us to see the phenomena that there are amazingly cultural similarities between two different nations,though these nations were separately apart each other in history.These culture similar items are called "biological counterpart items".Though these similar biological items ase counterparts,they don't always play the same function in their own cultural system.The different biological counterpart items which play the same function are called "functional counterpart items".The article tries to demonstrate and prove the value of the theoretical couplet with a few primitive cultural species between Chinese and Greece nationalities.