论仙话的蜕变与异化

仙话发展到清代，发生了巨大的蜕变：梅新林曾经说，清代仙话是“过分‘杂化’以致‘异化’实际上是以牺牲仙话固有的独立品格与价值为代价的”。梅新林所谓的‘杂化’和‘并化’是指：“道释仙怪之合流”，“仙界业已成为一个大杂烩”，但梅新林没有指出把儒家的根本理念掺进本来是讲凡人追求长生、通过修炼可以成仙中故事中才是最大的“异化”。笔者认为，这是对仙话作品灵魂的“异化”，更确切的说，是对仙话的儒化。

Transformation and Alienation of Chinese Fairy Tales

In Qing Dynasty, the end stage of Chinese feudal age, Chinese fairytale had undergone a dramatic transformation. Meixinlin thought that Chinese fairytale in Qing Dynasty had suffered over-hybrid and over-dissimilation seriously and this led to the dilution of independent character and value-judgment. Although Meixinlin pointed out that the process of hybrid and dissimilation means the three main religious doctrines in ancient China, including Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and fairytales had converged into Chinese fairytale and given its basic shape, but Meixinlin neglected the importance of fact that the doctrines of Confucianism had been incorporated into Chinese fairytale whose originally theme was about how the individual mortals ascended to heaven and became immortal through the practices both in mind and body. This is the very fundamental fact which had brought about the dissimilation of Chinese fairytale. So the author hold that the Confucianization of Chinese fairytale had brought about the dissimilation of Chinese fairytale.