论元剧宾白之作者

近代自王国维以来,论者多认为元剧曲、白皆应出自作家之手.但元剧宾白在许多方面都明显留下了杂剧艺人加工、创造的痕迹.这包括元剧频繁出现的陈词套语、相对独立的大段韵白、相对独立的表演片段以及相互因袭的情节关目等诸多方面.元曲作家为杂剧制曲时,也可能会兼作一些宾白,但作家之白未必（也不必）完整无缺,即使“全宾”也未必完全适于场上,杂剧搬演时仍有赖伶人按场上一般套路加以编改.故《元曲选》等现存明本杂剧完整无缺的宾白,应主要出自杂剧艺人.

Authors of Spoken Parts in Yuan-Dynasty Drama

Since Wang Guowei recently most commenters have often regarded the musical and the spoken parts of Yuan opera as the works of writers.But there left in many aspects of the Yuan-opera spoken parts are obvious marks of processing and creation by artists of four-set poetic drama.These marks include the often-seen cliche's and platitudes,relatively independent long rhythmical parts,relatively independent performance pieces,mutually copied plots,etc.In composing the music of four-set poefic drama,the authors of Yuan opera would likely write some spoken parts.It is not certain(nor is it imperative) that their spoken parts should be full and complete.Even if those were "complete spoken parts",they would not suit to the occasion for certain.In the mobile performance of four-set poetic drama,actors and actresses were relied on the revise the spoken parts in accordance with the general series on the occasion.It boils down to the fact that the full and complete parts in the extant selections From Yuan Opera et al.of the Ming edition four-set poetic drama should be the works of the drama artists.