An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being: Method, mode, and measurement effects |
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Authors: | Kristen W Springer Robert M Hauser |
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Institution: | aDepartment of Sociology and the Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA;bDepartment of Sociology, Rutgers University, USA |
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Abstract: | This study assesses the measurement properties of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being (RPWB)—a widely used instrument designed to measure six dimensions of psychological well-being. Analyses of self-administered RPWB data from three major surveys—Midlife in the United States (MIDUS), National Survey of Families and Households II, and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS)—yielded very high overlap among the dimensions. These large correlations persisted even after eliminating several methodological sources of confounding, including question wording, question order, and negative item-wording. However, in MIDUS pretest and WLS telephone administrations, correlations among the dimensions were much lower. Past research demonstrates that self-administered instruments provide more valid psychological measurements than telephone surveys, and we therefore place more weight on the consistent results from the self-administered items. In sum, there is strong evidence that RPWB does not have as many as six distinct dimensions, and researchers should be cautious in interpreting its subscales. |
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Keywords: | Psychological well-being Well-being Measurement Survey design Polychoric correlations Factor analysis |
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