论我国古代技术创新主体

我国古代技术创新的核心主体是工匠,其承担着技术发明、创新和推广的重要职责。随着技术创新活动的历史演进,在工匠技术创新活动的基础上并以工匠活动为中心相继出现了家庭手工业作坊、私营手工业作坊、手工工场等从事技术创新活动的主体,这些主体在一定程度上克服了工匠主体活动的局限性。工匠主体与这些主体之间并不是简单地以一种单一主体去取代另一种主体,使前一种主体在古代技术创新的舞台中隐退。在我国古代社会的不同历史阶段,这些主体以交叉并存的方式存在。

On the Subjects of Technological Innovation in Ancient China

Craftsmen played the role as a core subject in technological innovation in ancient China.They undertook the mission of invention,innovation and diffusion of different techniques/skills.Accompanied with the historical evolution of technological(innovation,) the household,private and big-size handicraft workshops came out and became the subject of innovation successively,based on craftsmen's innovative activities,thus getting rid of the limitation of complete handiwork to a certain extent.It was revealed that the handicraft technology did not evolve the way a new technique/skill was replacing simply the old one to make the latter disappear but in such a way that both co-existed and intercrossed in a historical phase of ancient China.