论人权国际法保护的逻辑基础——以米尔恩“低限人权说”展开

米尔恩的人权哲学认为,人权并不是西方竭力宣扬的理想标准概念,而是最低限度道德标准所要求尊重的一些基本权利。虽然人类生活具有多样性,但最低限度的道德标准是共有的,因此是普遍意义上的人权。米尔恩＂低限人权说＂的积极意义在于,其有效协调了＂主权优于人权＂和＂人权优于主权＂的争论,为不同文明圈关于人权国际保护的对话提供理论平台。唯有各国完善人权保障法律体系,尤其是作为国家根本大法的宪法,才能承载人权国际保护重任。

On the Logical Foundation of the International Law Protection of Human Right: Developed from Milne's "Theory on Minimum Human Right"

Milne’s Philosophy of Human Rights believes that human rights are not the ideal standard concept West tries to propagate,but the basic rights required to be respected by the ethical standards.Diversified as the human life may be,the minimum moral standard is common to all,so there exist the human right in its general sense.The positive significance of Milne’s "Theory on Minimum Human Right" is that it coordinates effectively the argument between "sovereignty is superior to human rights" on the one hand and "human right is superior to sovereignty" on the other hand,and provide the international human rights protection theoretical dialogue with platform for different civilization circles.Only when all countries improve their legal system of human rights protection,especially the Constitution,the nation’s basic law,can they carry international human rights protection responsibilities.