文学、宗教与政治:《桃花扇》仪式叙事中的神道设教与儒道互补

《桃花扇》第四十出《入道》描述道教的黄箓斋醮仪式，是一场具有深刻内涵与文化意义的仪式，构成了一个象征符号体系。考察仪式举行的时空、形式、结构、内容和功能，发现孔尚任采用了中国传统小说戏曲“神道设教”的民族叙事传统，反映了明末清初儒学传统为政治提供价值基础、为社会提供认同凝聚和为个体安顿身心性命的作用和意义减弱时，与儒家互相渗透、影响的道教作为一种特殊的价值体系构成了对儒家道德的支撑，揭示了中国宗教文化于明末清初社会的碰撞和交融。宗教文化以特殊而显著的形式深入到了《桃花扇》的主题、叙事结构、人物形象塑造和话语表述方式中，折射着文学与宗教、历史与神话、仪式与政治间的微妙关系。

of the Peach Blossom Fan

The ceremony for the Taoism rituals in the fortieth scene “Lodging in Hermitage” of the Peach Blossom Fan is a symbolic ceremony possessing important cultural significance and profound content. By examining the time and place, form, structure, content and function of the ritual, we can find Kong Shangren use d the narrative traditi on of “Enlighten People to Follow the Lead of Heaven”. The Taoism was used to support the Confucian ethics as a special value system when the role of Confucianism had weakened. It reveals the collision and blend of the religious culture and the society in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. Religious culture influenced the theme, narrative structure, the image-shaping and discourse expression of the Peach Blossom Fan in a Significant way. It also reflecs the subtle relationships between literature and religion, history and myth, ceremony and politics