汉语古诗词中的话语轮换及其翻译

中国古诗词由于体裁的限制，人物对话往往具有高度的概括性和跳跃性，读者在阅读汉语古诗词时必须弄清作品涉及到的话语角色，识别并补充沉默话轮，这对还原文学作品中人物会话的整个结构，充分理解言简意丰的汉语古诗词致关重要。汉语（尤其是古汉语）的表达偏重意合，这种表达方式导致汉语古诗词中的不少会话角色关系呈隐性，读者需通过上下文逻辑推断，才能理清话语角色、会话相邻对、话轮沉默等。在把汉语古诗词翻译成偏重形合的英语时，一般要酌情增加表明会话角色关系、会话相邻对的词语，甚至补充沉默的话轮，并采用直接引语形式，使译文话轮结构清晰，会话关系呈显性。

Turn-taking in Ancient Chinese Poems and Its English Translation

Conversations in ancient Chinese poems are generalized and implicit, and poem readers must gain a clear idea of the discourse roles involved in the poem, which is essential to the appreciation of a poem. The Chinese realize and fill up what gets lost in turn silence, language, ratactic, which requires that the relationship between discourse roles in an especially the Ancient Chinese, is paancient Chinese poem be implicit, and readers find out the discourse roles, adjacency pairs and turn silence in a poem through logical analysis. When putting ancient Chinese poems into English , which is hypotaxic, a translator is supposed to make lexical additions to illustrate the implicit adjacency pairs and relationship between discourse roles to fill up what gets lost in the turn silence, and use direct speech to make explicit the structure of the turns and the relationship between discourse roles.