从宋初政治的崇文倾向看宋诗气质的形成

中唐政治首先出现的重视"内外制"词臣的崇文倾向对中唐文学产生了重要影响。这一倾向因唐末五代战乱而暂时中断。赵宋太宗、真宗两朝重倡崇文之治,在职官制度层面恢复、加强了对知制诰、翰林学士"内外制"词臣的重视。因此,宋初"内外制"词臣在文学创作中便自觉地将"当代"与中唐联系起来,把白居易当成上天赐予他们的一个绝好的中唐"历史镜像",兴起了宋初诗坛的"白体"之风,使得宋诗呈现出了一种矜持、从容、闲适、成熟的"中年气质",这种成熟的"中年气质"最终成为宋诗基本格调中既来源于唐诗,又带有强烈个性色彩的文学特质。对于宋诗承继中唐诗歌之精神气质问题的考察,不妨说是对传统诗史"唐音宋调"说的一种实证,也是在文学层面上对史学界"唐宋变革期"学说将中唐作为中古、近古之分界的一种回应与互补。

The Establishment of "Middle-aged Spirit" in Song Poems: Focus on Nei-Wai-Zhi Literary Officials in Early-Song Dynasty

The consequence about Nei-Wai-Zhi literary officials in Mid-Tang politics influenced much the literature at that time. After a short-time interruption in Late-Tang and Five-Dynasties, this political and culture tradition came back and was even then strengthened in Early-Song Dynasty. It made Nei-Wai-Zhi literary officials in Early-Song Dynasty follow the trail of their "Historical Mirror Image" and launch a poetic movement named as "Bai-Ti". And so a unique literary temperament came into being. The author named it as metaphorical "Middle-aged Spirit", which was the mature form of literary temperament in high-Tang. In a word, we can regard this thesis as a literary certification to the historical theory "Transform from Tang into Song Dynasty".