传统官僚制的现代遗存与中国政府的现实应对

滥觞于先秦时期的传统官僚制，是家国同构、高度集权的家产官僚制。它不具备现代官僚制的科学精神、理性精神和法制精神，其浓重的人治传统对当代中国人的观念影响十分深刻。虽然西方新管理主义呼吁摈弃现代官僚制，但相对于中国传统官僚制而言，现代官僚制的优势是显著的。由于中国的市场经济基础、法治环境、非政府组织和公民社会的发展现状与现代官僚制的产生条件有一定距离，因此，当务之急不是模仿新公共管理模式，而是立足中国实际情况，坚决摈弃传统官僚制，学习和借鉴现代官僚制的合理成分，创新具有中国特色的行政管理体制。

Historical Impacts of Bureaucracy and Solutions of Chinese Government

Traditional bureaucratic system which originated from the Pre-Qin period is highly centralized family bureaucratic system.It does not have scientific, rational and legislative spirit of the modern bureaucratic system. It is deeply rooted that the residue of rule by man has impacts on the contemporary Chinese people's concepts. Although the western new management doctrine urges the rejection of modern bureaucratic system, compared to the traditional Chinese bureaucratic system, the advantages of modern bureaucratic system are significant. Because China's market economy foundation, the rule-of-law environment, non-governmental organizations and civil society don't yet meet condition for the development of modern bureaucratic system, the urgent task is not to imitate the new public management model, but based on social realities in China, resolutely reject the traditional bureaucratic system, learn from reasonable elements of the modern bureaucratic system, and thus innovate the administrative system with Chinese characteristics.