"百苗图"源流考略--以《黔苗图说》为范本

“百苗图”是历史背景较为复杂的一种反映贵州古代少数民族的地方文献,其版本众多。据考,它们是源自清人陈浩著的《八十二种苗图并说》。关于其母本的产生历史,学术界纷争不一。《黔苗图说》是贵州省博物馆收藏的一部较为典型的百苗图册页。本文以它为例,试对“百苗图”的源流做一些考证。并认为其母本并非某一时代实地调查的第一手资料,而主要是利用许多地方文献的相关材料编纂成册。

Origin and Development of "Illustrated Records of Various Miaos" (Bai Miao Tu): With the Example of Illustrated Account of the Miaos in Guizhou (Qian Miao Tushuo )

The Illustrated Records of Various Miaos is a sort of local literature recording the ethnic groups in ancient Guizhou. It has a complex history and lots of versions. Its origin is the Figures and Accountsof Eighty-two Kinds of Miaos (Bashi'er Zhong Miao Tu BingShuo)by Chen Hao of Qing Dynasty. The Illustrated Account of the Miaos in Guizhou (Qian Miao Tushuo) is a typical version of the illustrated records in Guizhou Museum. On the basis of the study of the version, this paper explores the origin and development of the illustrated records. The author argues that its origin is not a first-hand record from fieldwork, but a collection compiled on the basis of some local records and related literatures.