英语句首时间附加语的语义限制因素与语篇功能

附加语可以是经验性、人际性和语篇性的,经验时间附加语通常作为小句环境成分位于句末。句首时间附加语则是一种有标记的词序调整,而这种调整不是任意的。通常来讲,能够移至句首的时间附加语必须是句子附加语,而不是述谓附加语,也不是指向宾语或者依存小句中的时间附加语。句首时间附加语作为有标记主位和已知信息,其语篇功能主要包括时间场景设置、语篇衔接和信息焦点凸显以及信息对比功能。

The Semantic Constraints and Textual Function of Clause-initial Temporal Adjuncts in English

Adjuncts are classified into three types of being experiential, interpersonal and textual. Experiential temporal ad-juncts are usually put at the ending of a clause as circumstantial elements. The clause-initial temporal adjunct is a marked ad-justment of word order, which is not arbitrary. Usually, it is the sentential adjunct that can be moved into the initial position, but not the predicational adjunct, adjuncts modifying objects or existing in the dependent clause. As a marked theme and given information, the textual function of clause-initial temporal adjunct includes the anchoring of temporal setting, textual cohe-sion, information prominence and information contrast.