修辞造词的重新定位和分析模式构建

修辞造词历来就是汉语词汇产生和演变的重要途径和方式之一,但基础理论和分析方法研究的滞后,在很大程度上制约和影响着当下修辞造词及其相关研究的价值、水平和进展。修辞造词不仅是结果,更是根源和过程。探讨修辞造词的重新定位和分析模式的构建,不能不立足于修辞和词汇的实际关系。将修辞造词重新定位为一种造词法或一类造词行为,都有其合理性,但也都有其片面性,只有将二者统一起来,重新定位,方能完整准确地揭示修辞造词的本质、规律和价值。基于这一新定位的修辞造词分析模式,有必要将立足于共时、静态和系统的修辞造词法分析和立足于历时、动态和个案的修辞现象词汇化分析彼此联结,互参互证。而对于修辞造词法的分析,综合考量多方面的影响因素,可采取"辞格+非辞格"或"材料+用法"的分析模式,并在运作中兼顾科学性与务实性。

On the New Orientation of Rhetorical Word-Formation and Its Analytical Mode

Rhetorical word-formation has always been one of the key ways and means of Chinese wordformation and evolution , but lag in research on basic theories and methods analysis, largely restricts thevalue, level and progress of the research in contemporary rhetorical word-formation. Rhetorical word-for-mation is not only the result, but also the origin and process. To explore the rhetorical word-formation re-the analysis of the rhetorical word-formation, with comprehensive consideration of a number of influencingfactors, we can adopt ＂trope ＋ non-trope＂ or ＂material ＋ usage＂ analytical mode, and balance thatscientific and pragmatic in operation.