农户种植业风险及其认知比较研究

通过对浙江、上海、山东、湖北和安徽五个不同地区660户农户实地访问调查资料的分析发现:目前我国农户从事种植业生产经营的风险主要来源于气候等自然因素、农产品市场价格和农业生产资料价格;农户更关注农产品产量而非市场价格波动;在地区和作物层面上,具有不同生产特征和家庭特征的农户对种植业生产经营风险的认知具有一定的差异性;目前农户弱化种植业风险主要倾向于依靠自身的力量而较少依靠农业保险、农业组织及政府等外部力量。政府需要从完善信息发布体系、加强对农资市场管理、促进农村合作经济组织及农业保险的发展等方面入手,提高农户弱化生产经营风险的能力。

Comparative Study on Farming Risk and Households' Cognition

The paper compares risk sources in farming as well as households' cognition of risk sources and validity of countermeasures against risk based on data from field investigation.The results show that the main risk sources in farming come from unfavorable climate,product market and factor market;fluctuation in yield is much more concerned than that of price;households' cognition of farming risk varies with areas and crops they engage in,and those with different productive and family characteristics have different cognition;households are inclined to rely on their own efforts to deal with risk rather than on exterior help such as agricultural insurance,cooperative organizations and governmental supports.Therefore the government should help them reduce risks by establishing public agricultural information system,strengthening monitor to agricultural factors,promoting development of rural cooperative organizations and furthering reform of agricultural insurance.