公私域中的孔子直道思想探析

孔子直道思想强调公私域的分别。在事亲和事君两个不同领域,出现了隐和犯的不同标准,不可简单地把只适用于私域的道德准则直接推广到公域中去。当情与理、情与法出现冲突时,孔子在私域要求遵循心安的标准,提倡无违之孝,最终表现为隐而不犯的直道思想;在公域要求遵循理得的标准,提倡敬位之忠,最终表现为犯而不隐的直道思想。这样,一方面有利于保护私域的血缘亲情,另一方面也可以遏制公域的潜规则流行。

Confucius ZHIDAO Thought in Public and Private Domain

Confucius ZHIDAO Thought emphasizes the difference in public and private domain.In the two different field of serving his parents or serving his king,the standard to be implicit or to commit differs.Moral principles in private domain should not be appled in public domain.When conflicts arise between emotion and reason,emotion and law,Confucius requires to follow the standard of peace of heart in the private domain,advocate filial piety,to be implicit and not to commit,while in public domain,requires to follow the standard of reason,advocate loyalty,to commit and not to be implicit.This is good to protect the blood affection family relations in private domain,and to constrain the unspoken rules in public domain.