透过"橱窗"看到的福利国家--一个基于瑞典的案例分析

瑞典福利国家制度的显著特征是覆盖面广、设计项目多、保障水平高,注重"公平"胜于注重"效率"。20世纪70年代后,这一制度的实施出现了财政危机,然而更深层次的危机,则是高福利所要求的高税率对人们工作积极性和国际竞争力的打击。因此使之成为改革的重点。瑞典改革案例给予中国重要启示:建设完善的社会保障制度,是实现经济发展与社会进步的必然选择,这既是政府的责任,也是人民的企盼;但制度设计要避免重蹈瑞典福利国家制度"过度"福利供给的覆辙。

The True Colors of Welfare States behind "Shop windows"--Analyzing A Case of Sweden

Featuring wide coverage, excessive design items, and high level of insuring, Swedish system on welfare puts stress on "equity" rather than "efficiency."After the 1970s, financial crisis emerged in Swedish welfare system, and the deeper problems, however, lay in a heavy blow of high tax incurred by high welfare toward people's enthusiasm for working and international competition capability. Thus it is the key to reform. We should draw inspiration from Swedish reforms: establishing a sound social security system is a necessity for economic development and social progress, which is both governmental liability and desires of people; in designing the welfare system, we should avoid excessive supply the Swedish mistake.