社会基本矛盾的历史考察和再认识

国内哲学教科书把生产力与生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑的矛盾规定为贯穿于人类社会历史始终的基本矛盾。但根据历史考察，马克思、恩格斯和列宁并没有得出过这样的结论。毛泽东认为这两对矛盾仍然是中国社会主义社会的基本矛盾，但却没有将其推广到整个人类社会历史始终。从中国社会主义初级阶段的实践看，社会基本矛盾已经表现出一些新特点。随着人类社会历史的发展，这些矛盾将会表现出更新的特点。因此，这两对矛盾也应该是一个历史范畴。

The Historic Observation and a New Cognition of the Social Basic Contradiction

In our philosophic text book,the contradiction between productive Forces and production relations,and the contradiction between economic basis and superstructure are considered as the basic contradiction existing in the human history.But,according to my observation,Marx,Engles and Lenin hadn't gotten such conclusion.Though Mao Zedong thought of the two contradictions as the social basic contradiction of China,he didn't enlarge them to the whole human history.From the practising of the Chinese socialism of primary stage,the social basic contradiction has already indicated some characteristics which are different from all the past societies.These contradictions will expose other new characteristics with the development of the human history.Therefore,the social basic contradiction should also be a historic category.