意境的古代发生与近现代理论展开

从比较美学的角度看,意境的古代发生与近现代理论展开导因于中印直观方式和中西直观方式的两次交流。第一次交流发生于中古,以禅的空观对古人直观方式的影响为标志,结果产生了唐代山水小诗的意境。第二次交流发生于近现代,以西方直观和表现理论对王国维和宗白华的影响为标志,结果意境被奠定为古典美学的最高范畴。本文意在揭明:意境为刹那直观之产物,意境在感知方式、主客关系、时间意识诸方面有着特殊的规定。

Meaning-Atmosphere: Its Ancient Generating and Modern Theoretical Extension

In the perspective of comparative aesthetics, the ancient generating of meaning-atmosphere and its modern theoretical extension comes out of two exchanges, i. e. , between Chinese and Indian ways of direct perception, and between Chinese and western ways of direct perception. The former happened at mid-ancient period, marked by the influence of Zen perception of space over ancient Chinese direct perception, resulting in the birth of meaning-atmosphere in mountain-and-river poems in Tang Dynasty. The latter happened in the modern era, marked by the influence of western direct perception and the theory of expression over Wang Guowei and Zong Baihua, resulting in the conception of meaning-atmosphere being defined as the highest category of classic aesthetics. The article intends to reveal that, meaning-atmosphere is the product of instant direct perception, and has special rules for the way of cognition, the subject-object relationship, and the sense of time, etc.