从总体性到总体化——西方人本主义马克思主义理论发展逻辑探析

“总体性”概念是早期西方马克思主义者文本中的关键词。卢卡奇首次针对第二国际的教条主义和庸俗的经济决定论提出，并以此来诠释马克思主义哲学。自卢卡奇始，西方马克思主义者就开始从总体性维度来理解和建构马克思主义哲学，在一定程度上拓展了马克思主义的理论前提和研究视域，并开启了马克思主义哲学人本主义转向的先河。二战后，作为存在主义的马克思主义者的萨特，提出了“总体化”概念。他基于存在主义对马克思主义所作的哲学诠释促使人本学的马克思主义的形成。总体性到总体化概念的演进，在一定程度上展现了西方马克思主义人本化发展的内在逻辑。同时，我们可以从这一理论发展的走向上，看到西方马克思主义人本化的逻辑宿命。

From Totality to Totalisation: analyzing the developmental logic of Western Humanistic Marxism

Totality is a keyword in the text of the early western Marxist. Aiming at dogmatism and vulgar economical determinism in the Second International, Lukacs raised this word for first time and interpreted Marxist philosophy by it. Begun with Lukas, the western Marxist had started to comprehend and construct Marxist philosophy in the way of totality. To a certain extent, they extended theoretical premise and horizon of research and unsealed the transition of humanistic Marxism. After world war Ⅱ, Sartre, as a existential Marxist, posed a new concept＂totalisation＂. Based on existentism, he interpreted Marxism and promoted the formation of humanistic Marxism. In a certain sense, the transformation from ＂totality＂to＂totalisation＂ displays the inner logical developmental process of western humanistic Marxism. We can see the predestination of western humanistic Marxism from this process.