中国农村老年人生活满意度研究

基于2013年"中国健康与养老追踪调查"(CHARLS)数据,对中国农村老年人生活满意度的影响因素进行分析,重点关注新农保和新农合对生活满意度的影响。研究发现,性别、婚姻状况、是否有医疗保险、是否有亲人(除了配偶以外)或朋友能长期照顾对农村老年人生活满意度有显著影响。年龄和社交活动对农村老年人生活满意度的影响部分显著。根据研究结论,建议老龄问题立法层面应考虑性别差异,适度提升基础养老金水平,进一步发挥新农合的医疗保障作用并加强农村社区居家养老模式的建设。

A Research on the Life Satisfaction of Rural Elderly in China

Using the sampling survey date of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS),this paper studies the influence factors of the life satisfactions for rural elderly in China.We mainly focus on the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system and the new rural endowment insurance system on the life satisfaction.It is shown that the factors,including gender,marital status, with or without medical insurance and long time cared by relatives or friends,affect significantly on life satisfaction.As for age and social activities,they have partially significant effect on the life satisfaction of rural elderly.Therefore,in order to improve the life satisfactions of rural elderly,the government should consider gender difference in legislation for aging,and increase the fundamental annuity accordingly.Also, it is needed to make the new rural cooperative medical system play a bigger role in health care and strengthen the constructions of community-based home care in rural areas.