台湾民族学的祭祀圈与信仰圈研究

台湾民族学在西方欧美学术传统的较深影响下，特别重视田野调查，其在吸收西方民族学的理论与方法时，也注意与田野调查实际相结合，这显然是一条有利于创新的学术路线。本文所论及的“祭祀圈”和“信仰圈”原本是台湾汉人社会组织的一种，属于民间信仰范畴，是客观自在的社会现象，但在其研究中，以施振民、许嘉明和林美容等为代表的学者却将其深化为一种有用的研究理论与方法，很值得广泛地借鉴和学习。本文主要叙述了这一理论与方法的形成过程、内涵及其所适用的研究范围。

A Research into the Sacrifice Circle and Belief Circle of Taiwan Ethnology

Influenced greatly by the academic tradition of Europe and the United States, Taiwan ethnology especially pays attention to field research and to combining Western theories and methods with objective reality of what is researched. This tend of research is favorable to academic creation. The sacrifice circle and belief circle dealt with in this paper originally belong to Taiwan Han social organizations and folk religion category, and are objective social phenomena. But Taiwan ethnologists such as SHI Zhenmin, XU Jiaming, and LIN Meirong etc. made them into useful theories and methods being worth using for reference. This paper mainly expounds the formation, connotations, and fields fitted to use of the theories and methods.