阿拉伯国家社会转型中经济发展面临的挑战

能源在阿拉伯世界经济社会发展中具有举足轻重的地位和作用，影响并形成了阿拉伯国家独特的经济社会结构和发展道路。然而，阿拉伯世界以能源为主的社会经济发展模式凸显了资源导向增长的经典困境，阿拉伯产油国经济和社会发展高度依赖石油和天然气，工业和经济结构单一，经济多元化水平低下。石油财富未能从根本上改变阿拉伯国家社会经济发展成就的有限性，社会经济发展滞后，贫困、失业和社会不公三大问题，凸显了阿拉伯世界以能源为主的社会经济发展模式的弊端和深层危机。“阿拉伯之春”对社会经济包容性增长的强烈要求，对以能源为主的阿拉伯国家社会经济发展模式提出了严重挑战。阿拉伯世界的社会稳定将是一个长期和艰难的过程，最终取决于阿拉伯国家的社会经济发展水平。

The Challenges of Energy Industry ＆ Socio-Economic Development in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA）

Energy resources have been playing an imperative role in moving and shaping the unique socio-economic development path in the Arab world. Yet, it is this resources-driven development model that has led the oil-producing countries in the Arab world to the classical dilemma where the economic structure suffers a low level of diversification, being highly dependent on oil and gas resources. Rather than fundamentally overcoming the constraints on further socio-economic development, the oil wealth has failed to solve the 3 crucial issues of poverty, unemployment and social unfairness in the Arab world, which exposes the drawbacks of the development model and indicates social crises lying ahead, The explicit demand by the Arab Spring Movement for inclusive social and economic growth poses a serious challenge to the existing energy-led development model in oil-rich Arab countries. This model, if not properly modified, will not be able to sustain the energy-consuming model in the Arab world, nor will it be able to sustain the socio-economic development in this region. Achieving social stability in the oil-producing countries is a long-running process that depends on the level of their socio-economic development.