地区差异指数的基本要求及编制方法

 地区价格指数又称空间价格指数（Spatial price index),相对于时间价格指数（Temporal price index)来说，它是指一个国家各个地区之间价格的比较，反映各个地区价格水平的差异。地区差价指数有双边和多边之分，计算两个地区之间的差价指数，为双边差价指数；计算两个以上地区之间的差价指数即为多边差价指数。地区差价指数与时间价格指数一样，是重要的宏观经济指标，是国家制定地区经济发展政策、确定地区工资类别的重要决策依据，也可以借此衡量和比较地区之间经济发展水平和居民实际消费水平。目前我国正着手编制不同地区的空间价格指数，以充实我国的物价指数体系。本文试图将国际比较中常用的购买力平价指数编制方法，引用到地区差价指数中，分析地区差价指数的基本要求、编制方法，并评论其优劣。

The Basic Requirement and Indexing Methods for Regional Price Difference Indicator

The indicator of regional price difference is an important basis for policy making in regional economy and social development and adjustment of regional wages. In general speaking, it should meet the requirements of characteristics, unbiasedness，transmitability, structure and factor exchangeability. The popular indexing methods are Fisher formular, star method, EKS and G-K methods, each has its own advantage and disadvantage, indexing purpose and meaning are the basis of choice of one of them.