秦汉政府宫官系统和汉武帝任用中朝官

秦汉由于家国不分、宫廷政治,致使中央政府体系中的宫官系统权力不断扩张。皇帝身边的官宦和中朝官以侧近皇帝而得政治任用,在中朝发展出尚书机构,逐渐取代外朝公卿机构的职权,进而形成内廷掌决策,外朝掌行政的管理机制。宫宦参政和中朝官用事,突出表现了西汉官僚政府家产制的特征。

On the Eunuch System in the Qin and the Hah Dynasty and the Significance of Middle-court Officials in the Period of Emperor Wu,the Han Dynasty

Based on the research outcome by previous scholars,this essay summarizes the power inflation of eunuch in the central government of the Qin and the Han Dynasty in the light of modern administration. It augues that the eunuchs and the middle-court officials obtained political power as a benefit from their immediate services to the emperors, that was due to the inner quality of court politics and that the administrative officials developed out of the middle-court officials assumed the power of decision-making while the outer-court bureaucracy executed, all the above revealed that patriarchy was characteristic of the western Han Dynasty.