新时期“民工荒”问题研究

＂民工荒＂是指人力资源市场出现的农民工短缺的现象。＂民工荒＂既是我国经济升级转型的必然反应,也是我国劳动用工体制改革滞后的应付代价,其本质原因是＂权利荒＂,重要原因是＂结构荒＂。＂民工荒＂问题的破解必然受中国＂语境＂的影响,＂民工荒＂问题在改革发展中形成,也应当在改革发展中解决。基本进路首在于继续扩大用工需求,坚持扩大农村劳动力转移战略;次在于依法保障农民工合法权益,弥补其＂权利亏损＂;同时着力解决＂结构性＂矛盾,主要是提升农民工可就业能力,构建有助于农民工自由流动的城乡统一人力资源市场。＂民工荒＂问题的解决还必须把握好改革的力度、向度和进度,建立一种兼顾理论与实践、变通传统与未来的中庸方略值得赞许。

Migrant Worker Shortage in the New Period

Migrant worker shortage means the shortage of migrant workers in the human resource market.It is not only an inevitable reaction to the economic upgrading and transition but also the price paid due to the backwardness of the labor employment system in China.The phenomenon is caused by the lack of rights,and most importantly,the improper structure of supply and demand.The solution to migrant worker shortage will surely be affected by China＇s ＂context＂.Since it has been formed in the process of reform and development,it should be solved in the same process.The basic approaches to the solution lie with the following aspects： firstly,to further expand employment demand and to keep on to the strategy of expanding the migrant of rural labor force;secondly,to guarantee migrant workers＇ legal rights in accordance with law so as to make up their deficit rights,along with the efforts to solve the paradox in ＂structure＂ which is mainly concerned with the enhancement of migrants＇ ability of employability and the establishment of a human resource market unified in city and countryside so that migrant workers can migrate freely.Moreover,in the solution of migrant worker shortage,it is expected to take the dynamics,dimension and progress of reform into proper consideration and to establish an approach which will integrate theory with practice,and tradition with future.