多元文化视野中的地方性知识反思

学术界在对“地方性知识”的认识上，始终贯穿着普遍主义（科学主义）与“相对主义”的研究价值取向。普遍主义主张人类学的研究宗旨在于发现人类文化的共同结构或普遍的规律；“相对主义”则认为，各种文化之间充满着差异，没有一个可以统一的价值标准，并进而认为关注文化的差异性、促进相互理解与宽容才是文化人类学真正的任务所在。本文从地方性知识的特性、建构以及对科学主义下地方性知识的反思等方面，试图揭示学术界对地方性知识研究取向之争的本质所在。

Reflections on the Regional Knowledge in the Perspective of Multiple Cultures

There are two research orientations of universalism and relativism in understanding regional knowledge in academic field.The former proposes that the research purpose of ethnology is to find the common configuration of human culture or the universal law,while the latter holds that all cultures are different,and that the real task for ethnology is to focus on their difference and promote mutual understanding.This paper tries to illustrate the essence of the research on regional knowledge in the academic field.